CHS 211 synthesis matrix 1-5

Synthesis Matrix/Critical Appraisal

Author/Date	Aim of Study	Type of literature + type of method	Result /Conclusion	Strengths + limitations	Thematic codings -	Setting/ Context
Scott A. Bonn	To prove that prescription drugs are as dangerous as street drugs.	Grounded Theory	Many have overdosed from prescription drugs and people need to be better educated about them, as well as they need to be harder to get	This is about the everyday person that tries to get pain meds. This shows that going to the pharmacy and picking up a prescription is much too easy and doesn’t require much proof that you actually have problem. A strength is that it shows how many people die from prescription drugs but it doesn’t compare that number to the illegal drugs side.	This article fits in a large category of articles that will not only look at prescription drugs but look at them in comparison to street drugs in how dangerous they are.	This article focuses on the overdose number of people involved in this wave of prescription drugs use. It does not compare different groups of people however or where this research took place.
R. Kathryn McHugh, Ph.D. Suzanne Nielsen, B.Pharm, Ph.D. ,  Roger D. Weiss, M.D. Jan. 2015	To highlight treatment for prescription drug abuse	RCT Effective	The result is that more research needs to go into the treatment of prescription drug abuse once its already begun.	Strengths of this article are the why’s of people either needing prescription medication more than they should and why they process in how they use these drugs, such as does, not knowing the risks or not knowing other better alternatives. However the limitation is that it does not apply or explain these alternatives.	This study is one that takes the random numbers or others research to bring it together to form evidence.	This research shows that in the years since the 1990’s prescription drug abuse has skyrocketed In the U.S. and since then has only gotten worse.
1.       James E. Lessenger, MD and  2.       Steven D. Feinberg, MD, MPH Jan-Feb 2008	The goal of this article is to inform the reader of the different categories of prescription drugs as well as their effects.	Case Control/Cohort	The goal of this study is to find and give the better treatment options amongst prescription drug abusers	The strength of this is that it goes over the different types and categories of common prescription abused drugs. It also gives good treatment options for all of these drugs. It digs well into the numbers however it doesn’t cover much of the actual long term risks or give reasons why these drugs don’t have to be used in the first place, only what to do if someone happens to get addicted to them.	This fits into a category of finding the numbers of abusers and overdoses as well as the categories and treatments. It is purely informative Through a study.	This collects data from the national drug abuse and prescribed OTC Medicines. And then does a further study based on the population.
Rachael Rettner June 21, 2012	The goal of this study is to show that if doctors used databases called prescription drug monitoring programs that the prescription drug abuse in the U.S. would get much better.	Policy	The result is that some states have required these databases but that those who haven’t still have a higher number of unnecessary drugs being prescribed.	The strengths is that this shows a much different solution than other studies. It also shows that in the same period that prescription drug abuse rose highly, so did the number of opioid painkillers being prescribed. It’s weakness is that it shows no way that we should go about getting these databases to track these prescription drugs required in all other states.	This is an approach that tries to involve new laws and requirements out of health care providers. This is starting at the source.	This is showing a time frame in which as drug abuse in America got worse so did the number of opioids being prescribed. The setting is in the laws being passed a well as action being taken by health care providers.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables 2015	The goal of this is to provide the information needed to safely take these prescription drugs under certain situations	Research	The result is that there are always options when it comes to drug abuse but other actions should always be made to pursue a drug free life.	The Strengths of this is that is speaks right to the patients in how they can go about taking these drugs without getting addicted and to what extents these drugs are meant to be taken. The limitations are that it doesn’t focus on anything before the drugs even reach the patients.	This study is one of many ive come across that studies how to find better ways to treat the root issue you are taking drugs for without abusing it.	This study goes over a few examples of situations in which drugs may not be okay even when taken normally correctly, including pregnancy, ADHD and other conditions.